Cell phenotyping is crucial for understanding cellular behavior, encompassing methodologies like mechanotyping, immunophenotyping, and apoptosis assays. Mechanotyping delves into cell mechanical properties, providing insights into viscoelastic properties. Immunophenotyping identifies cell populations based on surface markers, while apoptosis assays detect programmed cell death. Traditional methods face challenges like complexity, time consumption, and sample labeling. In this thesis, we introduce three innovative microfluidic platforms, marking a substantial advancement in cell phenotyping analysis to overcome these challenges. These platforms are designed to overcome existing limitations and cater to diverse applications in clinical settings, cell manufacturing, and resource-limited environments. The first platform, based on an electronic cytometer microchip, delivers high-throughput cell mechanotyping by leveraging Coulter-based snapshot sensors and polymer-based fluidic channel construction. It performs biomechanical measurements of a cell population to derive quantitative viscoelastic properties. The second platform performs immunoanalysis on a portable, low-cost microchip, coupled with supporting hardware and software to operate autonomously. It adeptly processes unlabeled immune cells, streamlining the immunophenotyping process and positioning itself as an advanced tool for efficient, field-deployed analysis. The third platform, developed around an Annexin V-based apoptosis assay, integrates an embedded electrical sensor network with a multi-stage microfluidic biochip. Its capture chamber immobilizes cells based on phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization without the need for pre-labeled samples, as the biochip has an on-chip mixer for self-supervised sample labeling. Taken together, these microfluidic platforms not only overcome the limitations faced by traditional diagnostic assays, but also usher in a new generation of versatile, scalable, and smart tools that operate at low costs while delivering real-time measurements. They make on-demand cell phenotyping analysis a tangible reality, unlocking new capabilities in cellular research and diagnostics.