According to testimony by John Garver, Professor in the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs, nearly 40 Chinese entities were sanctioned 74 times between 2002 and 2009 by the U.S., but none were major Chinese oil companies. A Congressional Research Service report said the U.S. government has failed to sanction any Chinese state-owned oil companies for selling gasoline to Iran, and called on Congress to investigate whether sanctions should be imposed. Source: Bloomberg, October 27, 2011