{"692241":{"#nid":"692241","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Sargassum, the Smelly Nemesis of Beach Vacations, Has Become a Self\u2011Sustaining Disaster That Will Keep Coming\u00a0Back","body":[{"value":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022theconversation-article-body\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYou\u2019ve been planning your dream beach vacation for months, only to arrive and find the shoreline covered in large piles of smelly, brown seaweed, with even more floating offshore. It\u2019s disappointing, for sure \u2013 and increasingly common.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/habs\/great-atlantic-sargassum-belt-gasb\u0022\u003ESince 2011\u003C\/a\u003E, summer scenes like this have played out on \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/myfwc.com\/research\/about\/ear\/sargassum\/\u0022\u003Ebeaches in South Florida\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.caricoos.org\/sargassum\u0022\u003Ethroughout the Caribbean\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe consequences are even greater for people who live and work \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/sargassum-is-choking-the-caribbeans-white-sand-beaches-fueling-an-economic-and-public-health-crisis-230954\u0022\u003Ealong the Caribbean\u003C\/a\u003E and Gulf coasts and the coasts of the tropical Atlantic. Large masses of sargassum seaweed can \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/youtu.be\/1DdbcxT4Rq8?si=KGNIsspNzzaJd84i\u0022\u003Eclog harbors, interfering with fishing and boating\u003C\/a\u003E, and in \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/coral.org\/blog\/the-stench-of-sargassum-season-how-seaweed-is-threatening-mesoamerica\/\u0022\u003Esome cases harm marine life\u003C\/a\u003E. As the seaweed begins to decompose it releases gases, including hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and methane, raising concerns for both \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/habs\/sargassum-inundation-events-sies-impacts-human-health\u0022\u003Epublic health and the environment\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETo reduce the impact of these sargassum blooms, a crucial first step is understanding why the seaweed started growing in the first place and what\u2019s sustaining it now.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWe study \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=6jEKlrQAAAAJ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0022\u003Ethe oceans\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=H15F-wYAAAAJ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0022\u003Emarine life\u003C\/a\u003E, and \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=1sSh4GAAAAAJ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0022\u003Ealgae blooms\u003C\/a\u003E, such as sargassum. Our research suggests that these vast mats of smelly seaweed may have entered a self-sustaining cycle, effectively feeding their own expansion. It\u2019s creating a chronic disaster for the affected coasts, with little sign of ending.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch2\u003EColumbus and the Great Sargasso Sea\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPelagic sargassum is a \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/coral.org\/blog\/the-stench-of-sargassum-season-how-seaweed-is-threatening-mesoamerica\/\u0022\u003Etype of brown seaweed\u003C\/a\u003E that floats on the ocean surface and is naturally abundant in the Sargasso Sea, a region of the subtropical North Atlantic.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe seaweed takes its name from sarga\u00e7o, the Portuguese word for grape. When Portuguese navigators reached the region, they noticed its small, grapelike, air-filled bladders that keep the seaweed afloat. Christopher \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.aaw7912\u0022\u003EColumbus later wrote about encountering\u003C\/a\u003E vast mats of it during his voyage to the Americas.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHowever, in 2011, people began noticing \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaw7912\u0022\u003Eunusually large mats\u003C\/a\u003E of sargassum in the tropical Atlantic, between the coasts of Africa and Brazil. In the years since, these blooms have become more frequent, lasted longer, and grown much larger, with vast amounts of sargassum washing ashore across Central America, the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cfigure class=\u0022align-center zoomable\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749554\/original\/file-20260722-57-1h34z.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=1000\u0026amp;fit=clip\u0022 aria-label=\u0022Zoomable image\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022A satellite data image shows the belt stretching from the Gulf of Mexico, across the top of South America, to Africa.\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749554\/original\/file-20260722-57-1h34z.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;fit=clip\u0022 srcset=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749554\/original\/file-20260722-57-1h34z.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=326\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749554\/original\/file-20260722-57-1h34z.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=30\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=326\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749554\/original\/file-20260722-57-1h34z.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=15\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=326\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749554\/original\/file-20260722-57-1h34z.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=409\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749554\/original\/file-20260722-57-1h34z.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=30\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=409\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749554\/original\/file-20260722-57-1h34z.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=15\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=409\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=3 2262w\u0022 sizes=\u0022(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022caption\u0022\u003EA satellite image of the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt in July 2023 shows the density of the mats. Red areas have the largest concentrations of sargassum.\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Ca class=\u0022source\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/svs.gsfc.nasa.gov\/5298\/\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022attribution\u0022\u003ENASA\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/figcaption\u003E\u003C\/figure\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn this new area, now called the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt, the amount of sargassum surpassed an estimated \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaw7912\u0022\u003E37,500 million tons\u003C\/a\u003E in 2025. Forecasts suggest summer 2026 \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/optics.marine.usf.edu\/projects\/SaWS\/pdf\/Sargassum_outlook_2026_bulletin06_USF.pdf\u0022\u003Ecould break records again\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ESargassum\u2019s Drivers Changed Over Time\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor years, scientists have searched for the causes of the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThey \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43247-025-02074-x\u0022\u003Eexplored changes in ocean nitrogen and phosphorus\u003C\/a\u003E from fertilizer and other human activities in the Amazon and Congo river basins, increasing amounts of \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgag085\u0022\u003ESaharan dust\u003C\/a\u003E blowing in the wind, and changes in ocean temperatures, winds and currents. None of the hypotheses could fully explain year-to-year variations in the sargassum belt.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOur research suggests \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-026-72183-4\u0022\u003Esomething else is also going on\u003C\/a\u003E \u2013 the main cause has changed.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ciframe class=\u0022tc-infographic-datawrapper\u0022 style=\u0022border-width:0;\u0022 id=\u00226NM8y\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/6NM8y\/1\/\u0022 height=\u0022400px\u0022 width=\u0022100%\u0022 scrolling=\u0022no\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022 title=\u0022How sargassum concentration has increased over time\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn the winter of 2010, strong winds brought some sargassum southward from the Sargasso Sea to the tropical Atlantic. For a few years, winds stayed strong in winter and spring, acting like a giant spoon and mixing deeper, nutrient-rich water up to the sunlit surface, giving the algae the resources it needed to bloom and grow.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EA floating sargassum mat is much more than just seaweed. It is like a floating city, home to fish, shrimp, crabs and countless tiny living organisms, all food for larger fish. Together, they form an \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-026-72183-4\u0022\u003Eecosystem that we call the sargassumsphere\u003C\/a\u003E. It\u2019s much like a mobile reef or forest.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThese animals collect food around the floating mats and recycle nutrients through their waste and the breakdown of older sargassum. In this way, nutrients are gathered from a much larger area and concentrated around the seaweed, helping the next bloom to grow.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis process can make sargassum blooms very likely to persist in the years ahead.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETo \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-026-72183-4\u0022\u003Etest this theory\u003C\/a\u003E, we created a mathematical model that accounts for the mechanisms controlling the blooms. With the measurements of nitrogen content and isotopic composition in argassum collected around the U.S. Virgin Islands, our model not only reproduced the blooms from 2011 to 2022 but also predicted ahead of time the size and evolution of blooms that occurred in 2023 and 2024, suggesting the theory is correct.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch2\u003EBetter Forecasts, Better Solutions\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOur work shows that the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt is likely here to stay.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPredicting when blooms will occur, and understanding what drives them, can help create early warning systems that give coastal communities time to prepare for their unwanted arrival. It can also support long-term efforts to turn sargassum from a costly nuisance \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomass6010009\u0022\u003Einto a valuable resource\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cfigure\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ciframe width=\u0022440\u0022 height=\u0022260\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1DdbcxT4Rq8?wmode=transparent\u0026amp;start=0\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022 allowfullscreen=\u0022\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022caption\u0022\u003ECompetitive sailors discuss the sargassum mats they\u2019re seeing in the Atlantic. The Ocean Race\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/figcaption\u003E\u003C\/figure\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESargassum biomass has attracted growing interest as a \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/cmei\/fuels\/articles\/getting-seaweeds-exploring-algae-storage-biofuel-conversion\u0022\u003Erenewable feedstock for biofuel production\u003C\/a\u003E. Unlike bioenergy crops grown on land, sargassum does not need land, freshwater or fertilizers, reducing competition with food production. The seaweed is rich in carbohydrates that can be converted into bioethanol, biogas, bio-oil, or hydrogen through processes such as fermentation, anaerobic digestion, hydrothermal liquefaction and gasification.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EScientists at a university in Barbados, for example, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.mcgillenergyjournal.com\/post\/rum-and-sargassum-turning-problems-into-solutions\u0022\u003Edeveloped a way to produce biofuel\u003C\/a\u003E from a combination of the excessive sargassum on the island\u2019s shores and wastewater from the local rum industry.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe island is also encouraging farms to use \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/barbadostoday.bb\/2026\/07\/17\/govt-exploring-sargassum-to-biofuel-opportunities-straughn\/\u0022\u003Esargassum as a fertilizer\u003C\/a\u003E and soil amendment, providing a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers. Sargassum is rich in organic matter, potassium, calcium, magnesium and trace elements. After careful processing to remove the salt and excessive metals, it can be used to improve soil structure, enhance water retention and stimulate plant growth.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cfigure class=\u0022align-center zoomable\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749552\/original\/file-20260722-57-nnb4iv.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=1000\u0026amp;fit=clip\u0022 aria-label=\u0022Zoomable image\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Brown weeds cover the shore with homes in the background.\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749552\/original\/file-20260722-57-nnb4iv.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;fit=clip\u0022 srcset=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749552\/original\/file-20260722-57-nnb4iv.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=339\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749552\/original\/file-20260722-57-nnb4iv.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=30\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=339\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749552\/original\/file-20260722-57-nnb4iv.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=15\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=339\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749552\/original\/file-20260722-57-nnb4iv.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=426\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749552\/original\/file-20260722-57-nnb4iv.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=30\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=426\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/749552\/original\/file-20260722-57-nnb4iv.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.1\u0026amp;q=15\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=426\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=3 2262w\u0022 sizes=\u0022(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022caption\u0022\u003EMassive accumulations of sargassum cover the beach near the southernmost point of the continental U.S., in Key West, Fla.\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022attribution source\u0022\u003EXing Zhou\/Georgia Tech\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/figcaption\u003E\u003C\/figure\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESargassum is increasingly also being explored as a sustainable construction material, particularly in Mexico and Brazil. The biomass can be incorporated into building products, such as \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/unamglobal.unam.mx\/global_tv\/sargapanel-innovacion-para-construir-con-sargazo\/\u0022\u003Ecompressed panels similar to drywall\u003C\/a\u003E that were developed by researchers at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, and low-cost \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/World\/2023\/0419\/The-world-sees-invasive-seaweed.-This-gardener-sees-housing-bricks\u0022\u003Ebricks developed by entrepreneur\u003C\/a\u003E Omar V\u00e1zquez S\u00e1nchez in Mexico using about 40% sargassum with limestone and other organic materials. Using sargassum as a mortar additive also helps reduce dependence on conventional, carbon-intensive materials.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBy learning to live with and make use of sargassum, affected regions may be able to transform a growing challenge into a new opportunity.\u003C!-- Below is The Conversation\u0027s page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --\u003E\u003Cimg style=\u0022border-color:!important;border-style:none;box-shadow:none !important;margin:0 !important;max-height:1px !important;max-width:1px !important;min-height:1px !important;min-width:1px !important;opacity:0 !important;outline:none !important;padding:0 !important;\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/287444\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\u0022 alt=\u0022The Conversation\u0022 width=\u00221\u0022 height=\u00221\u0022 referrerpolicy=\u0022no-referrer-when-downgrade\u0022\u003E\u003C!-- End of code. If you don\u0027t see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThis article is republished from \u003C\/em\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThe Conversation\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cem\u003E under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003C\/em\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/sargassum-the-smelly-nemesis-of-beach-vacations-has-become-a-self-sustaining-disaster-that-will-keep-coming-back-287444\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003Eoriginal article\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cem\u003E.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E","summary":"","format":"full_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EResearch suggests that vast mats of smelly seaweed may have entered a self-sustaining cycle, effectively feeding their own expansion. It\u2019s creating a chronic disaster for the affected coasts, with little sign of ending.\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Research suggests that vast mats of smelly seaweed may have entered a self-sustaining cycle, effectively feeding their own expansion. It\u2019s creating a chronic disaster for the affected coasts, with little sign of ending."}],"uid":"27469","created_gmt":"2026-09-03 13:14:05","changed_gmt":"2026-09-03 13:18:03","author":"Kristen Bailey","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","location":"Atlanta, GA","dateline":{"date":"2026-07-28T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2026-07-28T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"681057":{"id":"681057","type":"image","title":"Sargassum littered beaches in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., in spring 2023, making a mess during spring break. Joe Raedle\/Getty Images","body":"\u003Cp\u003ESargassum littered beaches in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., in spring 2023, making a mess during spring break. \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/news-photo\/beachgoers-walk-past-seaweed-that-washed-ashore-on-march-16-news-photo\/1473976187?adppopup=true\u0022\u003EJoe Raedle\/Getty Images\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","created":"1788441321","gmt_created":"2026-09-03 13:15:21","changed":"1788441321","gmt_changed":"2026-09-03 13:15:21","alt":"Sargassum littered beaches in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., in spring 2023, making a mess during spring break. Joe Raedle\/Getty Images","file":{"fid":"265409","name":"file-20260722-82-ca3c8z.jpg","image_path":"\/sites\/default\/files\/2026\/09\/03\/file-20260722-82-ca3c8z.jpg","image_full_path":"http:\/\/hg.gatech.edu\/\/sites\/default\/files\/2026\/09\/03\/file-20260722-82-ca3c8z.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","size":288245,"path_740":"http:\/\/hg.gatech.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/740xx_scale\/public\/2026\/09\/03\/file-20260722-82-ca3c8z.jpg?itok=A7daNnDy"}}},"media_ids":["681057"],"related_links":[{"url":"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/sargassum-the-smelly-nemesis-of-beach-vacations-has-become-a-self-sustaining-disaster-that-will-keep-coming-back-287444","title":"Read This Article on The Conversation"}],"groups":[{"id":"1278","name":"College of Sciences"},{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[{"id":"194974","name":"go-theconversation"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[{"id":"71911","name":"Earth and Environment"}],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Ch5\u003EAuthors:\u003C\/h5\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/xing-zhou-2732810\u0022\u003EXing Zhou\u003C\/a\u003E, Postdoctoral Fellow in Oceanography, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/georgia-institute-of-technology-1310\u0022\u003EGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/annalisa-bracco-1447820\u0022\u003EAnnalisa Bracco\u003C\/a\u003E, Senior Research, Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change; Professor of Ocean and Climate Dynamics, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/georgia-institute-of-technology-1310\u0022\u003EGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/joseph-montoya-2732912\u0022\u003EJoseph Montoya\u003C\/a\u003E, Professor of Ocean Sciences, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/georgia-institute-of-technology-1310\u0022\u003EGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch5\u003EMedia Contact:\u003C\/h5\u003E\u003Cp\u003EShelley Wunder-Smith\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:shelley.wunder-smith@research.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eshelley.wunder-smith@research.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":[],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}}}