{"691342":{"#nid":"691342","#data":{"type":"news","title":"A New Era of Black Hole Detection","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EThe LIGO\u2013Virgo\u2013KAGRA (LVK) detector network comprises three centers across the globe. The United States hosts twin Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors, one located at Hanford Observatory in Washington State and a second at Livingston Observatory in Louisiana. The Virgo detector is hosted by the European Gravitational Observatory in Italy, and the Kamioka Gravitational Wave (KAGRA) detector is hosted in Japan by the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR) of the University of Tokyo.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EResearchers at Georgia Tech play a key role in the international collaboration. The\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/sites.gatech.edu\/ligo\/people\/\u0022\u003EGeorgia Tech-LIGO research group\u003C\/a\u003E includes\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/physics.gatech.edu\/\u0022\u003ESchool of Physics\u003C\/a\u003E Professor\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/physics.gatech.edu\/user\/laura-cadonati\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELaura Cadonati\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E, Assistant Professor\u003Cstrong\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/physics.gatech.edu\/user\/surabhi-sachdev\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESurabhi Sachdev\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E, Research Scientist\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/physics.gatech.edu\/user\/margaret-millhouse\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMargaret Millhouse\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;Postdoctoral Scholar\u0026nbsp;\u003Cstrong\u003EPrathamesh Joshi\u003C\/strong\u003E, eight graduate students, and multiple undergraduates.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EThe LVK network detects gravitational waves when a massive cosmic event \u2014 like the collision of two black holes \u2014 creates invisible ripples in the fabric of space-time. Waves ripple out at the speed of light, and millions of years after the events that first created them, they reach the LVK detectors.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EBut detecting gravitational waves does not simply mean capturing a signal \u2014 clues first need to be untangled from background noise.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003E\u201cIdentifying gravitational-wave signals requires carefully separating real astrophysical events from random fluctuations in the data,\u201d says School of Physics graduate student\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/physics.gatech.edu\/user\/urja-shah\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUrja Shah\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E, whose work to quickly identify phenomena supports rapid follow-up by the broader astronomical community.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003ETo support the identification of phenomena, School of Physics graduate student\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/physics.gatech.edu\/user\/megan-arogeti\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMegan Arogeti\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E conducts consistency tests between waveforms, checking results to find unexpected or unusual features. \u201cTests like this give us confidence in our models as we continue to observe gravitational waves with increasing sensitivity,\u201d she explains. \u201cThey support new observations and help identify exciting new physics.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003E\u201cThese efforts help ensure that gravitational-wave signals are robustly identified and accurately characterized, turning each detection into a precise measurement,\u201d adds Shah. \u201cIn turn, these measurements deepen our understanding of some of the most massive and dense objects in the universe and the fundamental laws governing the cosmos.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch3 dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EAstrocalibration Autotune\u003C\/h3\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EWhen a sensor detects a gravitational wave, it produces a distinctive response, says School of Physics graduate student\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/physics.gatech.edu\/user\/shobhit-ranjan\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EShobhit Ranjan\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E. \u201cThose signals encode a wealth of information we can analyze to learn about their sources \u2014 their masses, spins, distance, and location.\u201d But in order to detect these chirps, the detectors must be carefully calibrated, and if calibration is not optimal, the signals can be compromised.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003ENow,\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/ligo.org\/gravitational-wave-detectors-can-now-autotune-their-signals\/\u0022\u003Ea new tool\u003C\/a\u003E is helping the LVK collaboration recalibrate less optimal signals.\u0026nbsp;The technique is already showing promise: In\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prl\/accepted\/10.1103\/gzrj-mwv3\u0022\u003Ean article recently accepted in\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EPhysical Review Letters\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E, LVK researchers successfully applied it to two interesting signals. The first signal served as a testing opportunity for the method. The team used astrocalibration to recover the data and check it against secondary independent calibration data that was available. They then put the technique to use, recovering information from a second event where no secondary calibration data were available.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003E\u201cLike autotune in the music industry, the new research shows that theoretical models can be used as guides, similar to how sheet music can help a studio shift off-key music to its correct tone,\u201d Ranjan explains. \u201cThese theoretical models suggest the shape of the signal, and together with data from other detectors, we can adjust the data and read it correctly.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003E\u201cThe fact that these detectors can now not only sense cosmic events, but leverage them to improve the data being collected marks a new era in gravitational wave science,\u201d he adds.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch3 dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EA Record-Setting Dataset\u003C\/h3\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EThe LVK Collaboration also\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.ligo.caltech.edu\/news\/ligo20260526\u0022\u003Epublished their fifth catalog of gravitational wave events\u003C\/a\u003E this spring. The findings include an updated estimate of how fast the universe is expanding, evidence for the existence of second-generation black holes, the most precise sky localization ever achieved for a gravitational wave source, and the first measurement of three vibrational modes of a black hole.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003E\u201cOur group helped enable 140 detections out of the 161 reported in this catalog,\u201d says Joshi, who contributed to one of the flagship searches and designed a specialized search focused on detecting especially heavy black hole mergers.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EJoshi also worked on determining precise locations of where the gravitational waves originated from in the universe \u2014 research that he says will allow astronomers around the world to perform long-term follow-up observations of interesting events.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EOne record-setting detection showed two black holes that had violently collided more than 3 billion light-years from Earth. Researchers were able to pinpoint its location in the sky more precisely than any other gravitational wave event observed before.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EImprovements in the LVK network\u2019s ability to localize events along with the large number of detections allowed for a better estimate of the Hubble constant, which measures the rate at which the universe is expanding. The new measurement is over 25% more precise than previous estimates.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EThe new catalog also includes the \u201cclearest\u201d gravitational wave signal ever detected. The clarity of the signal led to the most accurate test of general relativity ever performed and confirmation of Stephen Hawking\u2019s black hole area theorem.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003E\u201cThis catalog provides not just the largest number of black hole detections, it marks a new era of rapid progress,\u201d Sachdev says. \u201cThis is just the beginning of what these observations will allow us to uncover.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":"","format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"\u003Cp dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EFrom new calibration tools to a record-breaking catalog of detections, the LIGO\u2013Virgo\u2013KAGRA (LVK) detector network is leading the way in gravitational wave science.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"From new calibration tools to a record-breaking catalog of detections, the LIGO\u2013Virgo\u2013KAGRA (LVK) detector network is leading the way in gravitational wave science."}],"uid":"35599","created_gmt":"2026-07-29 18:01:53","changed_gmt":"2026-07-31 14:45:16","author":"sperrin6","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","location":"Atlanta, GA","dateline":{"date":"2026-07-29T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2026-07-29T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"680716":{"id":"680716","type":"image","title":"An artist\u0027s concept showing a black hole. (Credit: NASA\/JPL)","body":"\u003Cp\u003EAn artist\u0027s concept showing a black hole. (Credit: NASA\/JPL)\u003C\/p\u003E","created":"1785348119","gmt_created":"2026-07-29 18:01:59","changed":"1785348119","gmt_changed":"2026-07-29 18:01:59","alt":"An artist\u0027s concept showing a black hole. (Credit: NASA\/JPL)","file":{"fid":"265021","name":"black-hole.jpg","image_path":"\/sites\/default\/files\/2026\/07\/29\/black-hole.jpg","image_full_path":"http:\/\/hg.gatech.edu\/\/sites\/default\/files\/2026\/07\/29\/black-hole.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","size":222604,"path_740":"http:\/\/hg.gatech.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/740xx_scale\/public\/2026\/07\/29\/black-hole.jpg?itok=kXTyscxE"}}},"media_ids":["680716"],"related_links":[{"url":"https:\/\/ligo.org\/science-summaries\/gw240925-gw250207-astro-calibration\/","title":"Tuning our detectors using cosmic collisions"},{"url":"https:\/\/ligo.org\/gwtc-5-0-updated-ligo-virgo-kagra-catalog-sets-new-records-in-precision-gravitational-wave-astronomy\/","title":"GWTC-5.0: Updated LIGO\u2013Virgo\u2013KAGRA Catalog sets new records in precision gravitational wave astronomy"},{"url":"https:\/\/ligo.org\/gravitational-wave-detectors-can-now-autotune-their-signals\/","title":"Gravitational wave detectors can now \u2018autotune\u2019 their signals"}],"groups":[{"id":"1278","name":"College of Sciences"},{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"},{"id":"126011","name":"School of Physics"}],"categories":[{"id":"150","name":"Physics and Physical Sciences"},{"id":"135","name":"Research"},{"id":"134","name":"Student and Faculty"},{"id":"8862","name":"Student Research"}],"keywords":[{"id":"192252","name":"cos-planetary"},{"id":"187915","name":"go-researchnews"}],"core_research_areas":[{"id":"193657","name":"Space Research Initiative"}],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:sperrin6@gatech.edu\u0022\u003ESelena Langner\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ETechnical Research Writer \/ Editor\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr\u003EGeorgia Tech College of Sciences\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":[],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}}}