{"686330":{"#nid":"686330","#data":{"type":"news","title":"How the US Cut Climate-Changing Emissions While Its Economy More Than\u00a0Doubled","body":[{"value":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022theconversation-article-body\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003ECountries around the world have been discussing the need to rein in climate change \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/climatechange\/un-climate-conferences\u0022\u003Efor three decades\u003C\/a\u003E, yet global greenhouse gas emissions \u2013 and \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/climate.copernicus.eu\/climate-indicators\/temperature\u0022\u003Eglobal temperatures\u003C\/a\u003E with them \u2013 \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/co2-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions\u0022\u003Ekeep rising\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWhen it seems like we\u2019re getting nowhere, it\u2019s useful to step back and examine the progress that has been made.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELet\u2019s take a look at the United States, historically the \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/education.cfr.org\/learn\/reading\/who-releases-most-greenhouse-gases\u0022\u003Eworld\u2019s largest greenhouse gas emitter\u003C\/a\u003E. Over those three decades, the \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/POPTOTUSA647NWDB\u0022\u003EU.S. population soared by 28%\u003C\/a\u003E and the economy, as measured by gross domestic product adjusted for inflation, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/GDPCA\u0022\u003Emore than doubled\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYet U.S. emissions from many of the activities that produce greenhouse gases \u2013 transportation, industry, agriculture, heating and cooling of buildings \u2013 have remained \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/environment\/emissions\/carbon\/\u0022\u003Eabout the same\u003C\/a\u003E over the past 30 years. Transportation is a bit up; industry a bit down. And electricity, once the nation\u2019s largest source of greenhouse gas emissions, has seen its emissions drop significantly.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ciframe class=\u0022tc-infographic-datawrapper\u0022 style=\u0022border-width:0;\u0022 id=\u0022YzooO\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/YzooO\/1\/\u0022 height=\u0022400px\u0022 width=\u0022100%\u0022 scrolling=\u0022no\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOverall, the U.S. is still among the countries with the highest \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/co2-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions\u0022\u003Eper capita emissions\u003C\/a\u003E, so there\u2019s room for improvement, and its emissions haven\u2019t fallen enough to put the country on track to meet \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-12\/United%20States%202035%20NDC.pdf\u0022\u003Eits pledges\u003C\/a\u003E under the 10-year-old \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/unfccc.int\/process-and-meetings\/the-paris-agreement\u0022\u003EParis climate agreement\u003C\/a\u003E. But U.S. \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/ghgemissions\/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks\u0022\u003Eemissions are down\u003C\/a\u003E about 15% over the past 10 years.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHere\u2019s how that happened:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch2\u003EUS Electricity Emissions Have Fallen\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EU.S. electricity use \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=65264\u0022\u003Ehas been rising\u003C\/a\u003E lately with the shift toward more electrification of cars and heating and cooling and expansion of data centers, yet greenhouse gas emissions from electricity are down by almost 30% since 1995.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOne of the main reasons for this big drop is that Americans are using less coal and more natural gas to make electricity.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBoth coal and natural gas are fossil fuels. Both \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/energyexplained\/energy-and-the-environment\/where-greenhouse-gases-come-from.php#\u0022\u003Erelease carbon dioxide\u003C\/a\u003E to the atmosphere when they are burned to make electricity, and that carbon dioxide traps heat, raising global temperatures. But power plants can \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=44436\u0022\u003Emake electricity more efficiently\u003C\/a\u003E using natural gas compared with coal, so it produces less emissions per unit of power.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ciframe class=\u0022tc-infographic-datawrapper\u0022 style=\u0022border-width:0;\u0022 id=\u0022u3fo9\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/u3fo9\/1\/\u0022 height=\u0022400px\u0022 width=\u0022100%\u0022 scrolling=\u0022no\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWhy did the U.S. start using more natural gas?\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EResearch and technological innovation in fracking and horizontal drilling have allowed companies to extract more oil and gas at lower cost, making it \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/rmi.org\/utilities-analysts-and-customers-agree-transitioning-from-coal-saves-money\/\u0022\u003Echeaper to produce electricity\u003C\/a\u003E from natural gas rather than coal.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAs a result, utilities have built more natural gas power plants \u2013 especially super-efficient \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.gevernova.com\/gas-power\/resources\/education\/combined-cycle-power-plants\u0022\u003Ecombined cycle\u003C\/a\u003E gas power plants, which produce power from gas turbines and also capture waste heat from those turbines to generate more power. More coal plants have been shutting down or running less.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ciframe class=\u0022tc-infographic-datawrapper\u0022 style=\u0022border-width:0;\u0022 id=\u0022zl7DI\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/zl7DI\/1\/\u0022 height=\u0022400px\u0022 width=\u0022100%\u0022 scrolling=\u0022no\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBecause natural gas is a more efficient fuel than coal, it has been a win for climate in comparison, even though it\u2019s a fossil fuel. The U.S. has reduced emissions from electricity as a result.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESignificant \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/energy-star-on-the-trump-administrations-target-list-has-a-long-history-of-helping-consumers-wallets-and-the-planet-258152\u0022\u003Eimprovements in energy efficiency\u003C\/a\u003E, from appliances to lighting, have also played a role. Even though tech gadgets seem to be recharging everywhere all the time today, household electricity use, per person, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=49036\u0022\u003Eplateaued over the first two decades of the 2000s after rising continuously\u003C\/a\u003E since the 1940s.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ECosts for Renewable Electricity, Batteries Fall\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EU.S. renewable electricity generation, including wind, solar and hydro power, has \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/energyexplained\/electricity\/electricity-in-the-us.php\u0022\u003Enearly tripled since 1995\u003C\/a\u003E, helping to further reduce emissions from electricity generation.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ECosts for solar and wind power have fallen so much that they are now \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/energyinnovation.org\/report\/the-coal-cost-crossover-3-0\/\u0022\u003Echeaper than coal\u003C\/a\u003E and competitive with natural gas. Fourteen states, including most of the Great Plains, now get \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/cleanpower.org\/facts\/state-fact-sheets\/\u0022\u003Eat least 30% of their power\u003C\/a\u003E from solar, wind and battery storage.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ciframe class=\u0022tc-infographic-datawrapper\u0022 style=\u0022border-width:0;\u0022 id=\u0022Hw4VE\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/Hw4VE\/1\/\u0022 height=\u0022400px\u0022 width=\u0022100%\u0022 scrolling=\u0022no\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWhile wind power has been cost competitive with fossil fuels for \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png\u0022\u003Eat least 20 years\u003C\/a\u003E, solar photovoltaic power has only been competitive with fossil fuels for \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.lazard.com\/news-announcements\/lazard-releases-2025-levelized-cost-of-energyplus-report-pr\/\u0022\u003Eabout 10 years\u003C\/a\u003E. So expect deployment of solar PV to \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.iea.org\/news\/global-renewable-capacity-is-set-to-grow-strongly-driven-by-solar-pv\u0022\u003Econtinue to increase\u003C\/a\u003E, both in the U.S. and internationally, even as U.S. \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2025\/07\/16\/nx-s1-5462190\/trump-tax-credit-solar-ev-heat-pump\u0022\u003Efederal subsidies disappear\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBoth wind and solar provide intermittent power: The sun does not always shine, and the wind does not always blow. There are a number of ways utilities are dealing with this. One way is to use \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/oe\/demand-response\u0022\u003Edemand management\u003C\/a\u003E, offering lower prices for power during off-peak periods or discounts for companies that can cut their power use during high demand. \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/lpo\/virtual-power-plants-projects\u0022\u003EVirtual power plants\u003C\/a\u003E aggregate several kinds of distributed energy resources \u2013 solar panels on homes, batteries and even smart thermostats \u2013 to manage power supply and demand. The U.S. had an estimated \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/transformers-magazine.com\/tm-news\/north-american-virtual-power-plants-grow-13-7\/\u0022\u003E37.5 gigawatts of virtual power plants\u003C\/a\u003E in 2024, equivalent to about 37.5 nuclear power reactors.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cfigure class=\u0022align-center zoomable\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=1000\u0026amp;fit=clip\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Charts show cost decline compared with fossil fuels.\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;fit=clip\u0022 srcset=\u0022https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=345\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0\u0026amp;q=30\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=345\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0\u0026amp;q=15\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;h=345\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0\u0026amp;q=45\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=433\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0\u0026amp;q=30\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=433\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/700156\/original\/file-20251104-66-ftct1o.png?ixlib=rb-4.1.0\u0026amp;q=15\u0026amp;auto=format\u0026amp;w=754\u0026amp;h=433\u0026amp;fit=crop\u0026amp;dpr=3 2262w\u0022 sizes=\u0022(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022caption\u0022\u003EGlobally, the costs of solar, onshore wind and EV batteries fell quickly over the first two decades of the 2000s.\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Ca class=\u0022source\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/report\/ar6\/wg3\/chapter\/summary-for-policymakers\/#figure-spm-3\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022attribution\u0022\u003EIPCC 6th Assessment Report\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/figcaption\u003E\u003C\/figure\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAnother energy management method is battery storage, which is just now \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=64586\u0022\u003Ebeginning to take off\u003C\/a\u003E. Battery \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/about.bnef.com\/insights\/commodities\/lithium-ion-battery-pack-prices-see-largest-drop-since-2017-falling-to-115-per-kilowatt-hour-bloombergnef\/\u0022\u003Ecosts have come down\u003C\/a\u003E enough in the past few years to make utility-scale battery storage cost-effective.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ciframe class=\u0022tc-infographic-datawrapper\u0022 style=\u0022border-width:0;\u0022 id=\u0022nX9Rl\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/nX9Rl\/2\/\u0022 height=\u0022400px\u0022 width=\u0022100%\u0022 scrolling=\u0022no\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch2\u003EWhat About Driving?\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn the U.S., gasoline consumption has remained roughly constant but \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/vehicles\/articles\/fotw-1237-may-9-2022-fuel-economy-all-vehicle-classes-has-improved\u0022\u003Efuel efficiency has generally improved\u003C\/a\u003E over the decades.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESales of electric vehicle, which could cut emissions more, have been slow, however. Some of this could be due to the success of fracking: U.S. \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/afdc.energy.gov\/data\/10324\u0022\u003Epetroleum production has increased\u003C\/a\u003E, and gasoline and diesel \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.rff.org\/publications\/explainers\/gas-prices-101\/\u0022\u003Eprices have remained relatively low\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPeople in other countries are switching \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.virta.global\/global-electric-vehicle-market\u0022\u003Eto electric vehicles more rapidly\u003C\/a\u003E than in the U.S. as the cost of EVs has fallen. Chinese consumers can buy an entry-level EV for \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/electrek.co\/2025\/04\/08\/byds-low-cost-seagull-ev-now-starts-under-8000-china\/\u0022\u003Eunder US$10,000\u003C\/a\u003E in China with the help of government subsidies, and the country \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/global-ev-outlook-2025\/trends-in-electric-car-markets-2\u0022\u003Eleads the world in EV sales\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn 2024, people in the U.S. bought \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/global-ev-outlook-2025\/trends-in-electric-car-markets-2\u0022\u003E1.6 million EVs\u003C\/a\u003E, and global sales reached \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.virta.global\/global-electric-vehicle-market\u0022\u003E17 million\u003C\/a\u003E, up 25% from the year before.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ciframe class=\u0022tc-infographic-datawrapper\u0022 style=\u0022border-width:0;\u0022 id=\u0022fSBGn\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/fSBGn\/1\/\u0022 height=\u0022400px\u0022 width=\u0022100%\u0022 scrolling=\u0022no\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch2\u003EThe Unknowns Ahead: What About Data Centers?\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe construction of \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/ais-ballooning-energy-consumption-puts-spotlight-on-data-center-efficiency-254192\u0022\u003Enew data centers\u003C\/a\u003E, in part to serve the explosive growth of artificial intelligence, is drawing a lot of attention to \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-utilities-are-working-to-meet-ai-data-centers-voracious-appetite-for-electricity-240196\u0022\u003Efuture energy demand\u003C\/a\u003E and to the uncertainty ahead.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EData centers are increasing electricity demand in some locations, such as \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2025\/07\/17\/nx-s1-5469933\/virginia-data-centers-residents-saying-no\u0022\u003Enorthern Virginia\u003C\/a\u003E, Dallas, Phoenix, Chicago and Atlanta. The future \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.wri.org\/insights\/us-data-centers-electricity-demand\u0022\u003Eelectricity demand growth from data centers is still unclear\u003C\/a\u003E, though, meaning the effects of data centers on electric rates and power system emissions are also uncertain.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHowever, AI is not the only reason to watch for increased electricity demand: The U.S. can expect growing electricity demand for industrial processes and electric vehicles, as well as the overall transition from using oil and gas for heating and appliances \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.nrel.gov\/analysis\/electrification-futures\u0022\u003Eto using electricity\u003C\/a\u003E that continues across the country.\u003C!-- Below is The Conversation\u0027s page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --\u003E\u003Cimg style=\u0022border-color:!important;border-style:none;box-shadow:none !important;margin:0 !important;max-height:1px !important;max-width:1px !important;min-height:1px !important;min-width:1px !important;opacity:0 !important;outline:none !important;padding:0 !important;\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/268763\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\u0022 alt=\u0022The Conversation\u0022 width=\u00221\u0022 height=\u00221\u0022 referrerpolicy=\u0022no-referrer-when-downgrade\u0022\u003E\u003C!-- End of code. If you don\u0027t see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThis article is republished from \u003C\/em\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThe Conversation\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cem\u003E under a Creative Commons license. Read the \u003C\/em\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-the-us-cut-climate-changing-emissions-while-its-economy-more-than-doubled-268763\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003Eoriginal article\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cem\u003E.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E","summary":"","format":"full_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ECountries around the world have been discussing the need to rein in climate change for three decades, yet global greenhouse gas emissions \u2013 and global temperatures with them \u2013 keep rising.\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Countries around the world have been discussing the need to rein in climate change for three decades, yet global greenhouse gas emissions \u2013 and global temperatures with them \u2013 keep rising."}],"uid":"27469","created_gmt":"2025-11-06 17:17:39","changed_gmt":"2025-12-08 19:34:19","author":"Kristen Bailey","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","location":"Atlanta, GA","dateline":{"date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"678588":{"id":"678588","type":"image","title":"Wind power near Dodge City, Kan. Halbergman\/iStock\/Getty Images Plus","body":"\u003Cp\u003EWind power near Dodge City, Kan. \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/photo\/drone-shot-of-pick-up-truck-approaching-wind-royalty-free-image\/1287525883?phrase=road%20solar%20wind\u0026amp;searchscope=image,film\u0026amp;adppopup=true\u0022\u003EHalbergman\/iStock\/Getty Images Plus\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","created":"1762795118","gmt_created":"2025-11-10 17:18:38","changed":"1762795118","gmt_changed":"2025-11-10 17:18:38","alt":"Wind power near Dodge City, Kan. Halbergman\/iStock\/Getty Images Plus","file":{"fid":"262642","name":"file-20251104-56-f02oyt.jpg","image_path":"\/sites\/default\/files\/2025\/11\/10\/file-20251104-56-f02oyt.jpg","image_full_path":"http:\/\/hg.gatech.edu\/\/sites\/default\/files\/2025\/11\/10\/file-20251104-56-f02oyt.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","size":171900,"path_740":"http:\/\/hg.gatech.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/740xx_scale\/public\/2025\/11\/10\/file-20251104-56-f02oyt.jpg?itok=xs5XfgAn"}}},"media_ids":["678588"],"related_links":[{"url":"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-the-us-cut-climate-changing-emissions-while-its-economy-more-than-doubled-268763","title":"Read This Article on The Conversation"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"},{"id":"367481","name":"SEI Energy"},{"id":"1280","name":"Strategic Energy Institute"}],"categories":[{"id":"144","name":"Energy"},{"id":"135","name":"Research"}],"keywords":[{"id":"194701","name":"go-resarchnews"},{"id":"186858","name":"go-sei"}],"core_research_areas":[{"id":"39531","name":"Energy and Sustainable Infrastructure"}],"news_room_topics":[{"id":"71911","name":"Earth and Environment"}],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Ch5\u003EAuthor:\u003C\/h5\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/valerie-thomas-1633560\u0022\u003EValerie Thomas\u003C\/a\u003E, Professor of Industrial Engineering, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/georgia-institute-of-technology-1310\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Ch5\u003EMedia Contact:\u003C\/h5\u003E\u003Cp\u003EShelley Wunder-Smith\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:shelley.wunder-smith@research.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eshelley.wunder-smith@research.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":[],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}}}