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  <title><![CDATA[PhD Defense by Frederick Chung]]></title>
  <body><![CDATA[<p><em>Announced 9 days in advance of the defense with approval from CEE Graduate Committee and Graduate Education Thesis Office.</em></p>

<p><strong>School of Civil and Environmental Engineering</strong></p>

<p><strong>Ph.D. Thesis Defense Announcement</strong></p>

<p>Application&nbsp;of&nbsp;Data&nbsp;Analytics&nbsp;and&nbsp;Machine&nbsp;Learning&nbsp;Methods&nbsp;to&nbsp;Enhance&nbsp;Decision-Making&nbsp;in&nbsp;Right-Of-Way&nbsp;Acquisition&nbsp;Process&nbsp;and&nbsp;Transportation&nbsp;Asset&nbsp;Management</p>

<p><strong>By</strong>&nbsp;Frederick&nbsp;Chung</p>

<p><strong>Advisor:</strong></p>

<p>Dr.&nbsp;Baabak&nbsp;Ashuri</p>

<p><strong>Committee Members:</strong>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Dr.&nbsp;Susan&nbsp;Burns&nbsp;(CEE),&nbsp;Dr.&nbsp;Eric&nbsp;Mark&nbsp;(CEE),&nbsp;Dr.&nbsp;Xiuwei&nbsp;Zhang&nbsp;(CSE),&nbsp;and&nbsp;Dr.&nbsp;Minsoo&nbsp;Baek&nbsp;(KSU)</p>

<p><strong>Date and Time:</strong>&nbsp; May&nbsp;16th,&nbsp;2024,&nbsp;12:00 PM</p>

<p><strong>Location: </strong>Microsoft&nbsp;Teams&nbsp;(Meeting&nbsp;ID:&nbsp;215&nbsp;398&nbsp;934&nbsp;673;&nbsp;Passcode:&nbsp;28KyNZ)</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>With&nbsp;the&nbsp;increasing&nbsp;project&nbsp;complexity&nbsp;and&nbsp;evolving&nbsp;conditions&nbsp;surrounding&nbsp;the&nbsp;uncertain&nbsp;project&nbsp;environment,&nbsp;transportation&nbsp;agencies&nbsp;face&nbsp;a&nbsp;great&nbsp;challenge&nbsp;in&nbsp;making&nbsp;optimal&nbsp;decisions&nbsp;in&nbsp;project&nbsp;management.&nbsp;Budgets&nbsp;allocated&nbsp;for&nbsp;transportation&nbsp;projects&nbsp;remain&nbsp;constrained,&nbsp;thereby&nbsp;creating&nbsp;a&nbsp;pressing&nbsp;need&nbsp;for&nbsp;judicious&nbsp;decision-making&nbsp;to&nbsp;ensure&nbsp;the&nbsp;efficient&nbsp;utilization&nbsp;of&nbsp;funds.&nbsp;Given&nbsp;the&nbsp;requirement&nbsp;to&nbsp;address&nbsp;public&nbsp;needs&nbsp;of&nbsp;infrastructure&nbsp;while&nbsp;working&nbsp;within&nbsp;limited&nbsp;budgets,&nbsp;there&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;significant&nbsp;necessity&nbsp;to&nbsp;enhance&nbsp;decision-making&nbsp;by&nbsp;exploring&nbsp;application&nbsp;of&nbsp;advanced&nbsp;data&nbsp;analytics&nbsp;and&nbsp;machine&nbsp;learning&nbsp;methodologies.&nbsp;The&nbsp;development&nbsp;of&nbsp;digital&nbsp;tools&nbsp;and&nbsp;platforms&nbsp;has&nbsp;facilitated&nbsp;the&nbsp;collection&nbsp;and&nbsp;storage&nbsp;of&nbsp;vast&nbsp;amount&nbsp;of&nbsp;data&nbsp;pertaining&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;performance&nbsp;of&nbsp;infrastructure&nbsp;systems&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;history&nbsp;of&nbsp;various&nbsp;projects.&nbsp;The&nbsp;availability&nbsp;of&nbsp;information&nbsp;is&nbsp;opening&nbsp;unique&nbsp;opportunities&nbsp;to&nbsp;analyze&nbsp;past&nbsp;performance,&nbsp;identify&nbsp;patterns,&nbsp;and&nbsp;gain&nbsp;insights&nbsp;that&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;used&nbsp;to&nbsp;inform&nbsp;future&nbsp;planning.&nbsp;This&nbsp;research&nbsp;explores&nbsp;implementation&nbsp;of&nbsp;data&nbsp;analytics&nbsp;and&nbsp;machine&nbsp;learning&nbsp;techniques&nbsp;to&nbsp;enhance&nbsp;two&nbsp;crucial&nbsp;project&nbsp;management&nbsp;tasks,&nbsp;Right-Of-Way&nbsp;(ROW)&nbsp;acquisition&nbsp;process&nbsp;and&nbsp;transportation&nbsp;asset&nbsp;management.&nbsp;The&nbsp;first&nbsp;chapter&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;research&nbsp;contributes&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;state&nbsp;of&nbsp;knowledge&nbsp;in&nbsp;estimating&nbsp;ROW&nbsp;acquisition&nbsp;timeline&nbsp;through&nbsp;developing&nbsp;a&nbsp;novel&nbsp;machine&nbsp;learning&nbsp;model&nbsp;to&nbsp;accurately&nbsp;estimate&nbsp;ROW&nbsp;acquisition&nbsp;timelines,&nbsp;and&nbsp;identifying&nbsp;drivers&nbsp;(i.e.,&nbsp;risk&nbsp;factors)&nbsp;of&nbsp;ROW&nbsp;acquisition&nbsp;durations.&nbsp;The&nbsp;forecasting&nbsp;model&nbsp;developed&nbsp;in&nbsp;this&nbsp;research&nbsp;achieves&nbsp;a&nbsp;high&nbsp;accuracy&nbsp;to&nbsp;predict&nbsp;ROW&nbsp;durations&nbsp;by&nbsp;explaining&nbsp;74%&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;variance&nbsp;in&nbsp;ROW&nbsp;acquisition&nbsp;durations&nbsp;using&nbsp;project&nbsp;features.&nbsp;Moreover,&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;parcels,&nbsp;average&nbsp;cost&nbsp;estimation&nbsp;per&nbsp;parcel,&nbsp;length&nbsp;of&nbsp;projects,&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;condemnations,&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;relocations,&nbsp;and&nbsp;type&nbsp;of&nbsp;work&nbsp;are&nbsp;found&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;influential&nbsp;factors&nbsp;as&nbsp;drivers&nbsp;of&nbsp;ROW&nbsp;acquisition&nbsp;duration.&nbsp;The&nbsp;second&nbsp;chapter&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;research&nbsp;contributes&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;body&nbsp;of&nbsp;knowledge&nbsp;in&nbsp;improving&nbsp;the&nbsp;prediction&nbsp;of&nbsp;pavement&nbsp;condition&nbsp;by&nbsp;developing&nbsp;machine&nbsp;learning&nbsp;models&nbsp;and&nbsp;implementing&nbsp;ensemble&nbsp;methods&nbsp;to&nbsp;enhance&nbsp;predictive&nbsp;performance.&nbsp;This&nbsp;research&nbsp;focuses&nbsp;on&nbsp;developing&nbsp;five&nbsp;machine&nbsp;learning&nbsp;classification&nbsp;models,&nbsp;Random&nbsp;Forest,&nbsp;Gradient&nbsp;Boosting,&nbsp;Support&nbsp;Vector&nbsp;Machine,&nbsp;K-Nearest&nbsp;Neighbor,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Artificial&nbsp;Neural&nbsp;Network,&nbsp;to&nbsp;predict&nbsp;pavement&nbsp;condition&nbsp;levels.&nbsp;To&nbsp;enhance&nbsp;prediction&nbsp;performance,&nbsp;ensemble&nbsp;methods,&nbsp;including&nbsp;voting&nbsp;and&nbsp;stacking,&nbsp;are&nbsp;integrated.&nbsp;Voting&nbsp;ensemble&nbsp;model&nbsp;constructed&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;two&nbsp;best-performing&nbsp;individual&nbsp;classification&nbsp;models&nbsp;reaches&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;accuracy&nbsp;rate&nbsp;at&nbsp;83%.&nbsp;Although&nbsp;the&nbsp;performance&nbsp;of&nbsp;individual&nbsp;models&nbsp;fluctuates,&nbsp;ensemble&nbsp;models&nbsp;consistently&nbsp;produce&nbsp;top-tier&nbsp;performance&nbsp;irrespective&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;data&nbsp;sampling&nbsp;variations.&nbsp;Therefore,&nbsp;ensemble&nbsp;methods&nbsp;are&nbsp;recommended&nbsp;in&nbsp;developing&nbsp;pavement&nbsp;condition&nbsp;prediction&nbsp;models&nbsp;to&nbsp;enhance&nbsp;accuracy&nbsp;and&nbsp;achieve&nbsp;more&nbsp;consistent&nbsp;quality&nbsp;of&nbsp;predictions.&nbsp;The&nbsp;findings&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;research&nbsp;will&nbsp;provide&nbsp;transportation&nbsp;agencies&nbsp;with&nbsp;insights&nbsp;on&nbsp;how&nbsp;to&nbsp;improve&nbsp;practices&nbsp;in&nbsp;scheduling&nbsp;ROW&nbsp;acquisition&nbsp;process&nbsp;and&nbsp;improving&nbsp;pavement&nbsp;condition&nbsp;forecasting&nbsp;practices&nbsp;to&nbsp;enhance&nbsp;their&nbsp;maintenance&nbsp;planning&nbsp;and&nbsp;cost&nbsp;savings.<br />
&nbsp;</p>
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