{"65004":{"#nid":"65004","#data":{"type":"external_news","title":"Nunn on Deterrence in the Age of Nuclear Proliferation","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u0022As long as there has been war, there have been efforts to deter actions a nation considers threatening. The advent of the nuclear weapon introduced entirely new factors. It was possible, for the first time, to inflict at the beginning of a war the maximum casualties. The doctrine of mutual assured destruction represented this reality. Deterrence based on nuclear weapons, therefore, has three elements: It is importantly psychological, depending on calculations for which there is no historical experience. It is therefore precarious. It is devastating. An unrestrained nuclear exchange between superpowers could destroy civilized life as we know it in days. Mutual assured destruction raises enormous inhibitions against employing the weapons.\u0022\u0026nbsp; \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThis excerpt from commentary by former U.S. Senator Sam Nunn, Distinguished Professor in\u0026nbsp;the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs, former U.\u0026nbsp;S. Secretary of State George P. Shultz, former U.S. Secretary of Defense William J. Perry,\u0026nbsp; and former U.S. Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger appeared in Wall Street Journal (online edition), March 7, 2011.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/online.wsj.com\/article\/SB10001424052748703300904576178760530169414.html?mod=googlenews_wsj \u0022\u003ERead full article\u003C\/a\u003E (subscription may be required)\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":"","field_summary_sentence":"","uid":"27418","created_gmt":"2011-03-17 11:48:08","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 02:24:21","author":"Lauren Langley","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","publication":"focus program 2023","field_article_url":"","publication_url":"http:\/\/online.wsj.com\/article\/SB10001424052748703300904576178760530169414.html?mod=googlenews_wsj","dateline":{"date":"2011-03-07T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2011-03-07T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"groups":[{"id":"1281","name":"Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[{"id":"544","name":"Nuclear"},{"id":"167043","name":"Sam Nunn"},{"id":"3562","name":"Wall Street Journal"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[],"email":[],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}}}