{"619098":{"#nid":"619098","#data":{"type":"event","title":"PhD Defense by Aiden Payne","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAiden Payne\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBiomedical\u0026nbsp;Engineering Ph.D. Thesis Defense\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003EDate\u003C\/strong\u003E: Monday, March 25, 2019\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003ETime\u003C\/strong\u003E: 2:00pm-3:00pm\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003ELocation\u003C\/strong\u003E: HSRB Auditorium\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003EBluejeans\u003C\/strong\u003E:\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/bluejeans.com\/216663345\u0022 id=\u0022LPlnk479729\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/bluejeans.com\/216663345\u003C\/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003EAdvisor: \u003C\/strong\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003ELena Ting\u003C\/strong\u003E,\u0026nbsp;PhD\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003ECommittee Members:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003EGreg Hajcak\u003C\/strong\u003E, PhD (Florida State University)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003ELucas Mckay\u003C\/strong\u003E, PhD\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003EMichael Borich\u003C\/strong\u003E, PhD\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003EDieter Jaeger\u003C\/strong\u003E, PhD\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003ETim Cope\u003C\/strong\u003E, PhD\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003EThomas Wichmann\u003C\/strong\u003E, MD\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003ETitle:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u0026nbsp;Perturbation-evoked cortical responses are associated\u0026nbsp;with balance ability in healthy\u0026nbsp;young adults and in older adults with Parkinson\u0026rsquo;s\u0026nbsp;disease\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cstrong\u003EAbstract:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\nBalance and cognitive impairments negatively impact quality\u0026nbsp;of life in old age and in Parkinson\u0026rsquo;s disease (PD) and are\u0026nbsp;associated through\u0026nbsp;unknown mechanisms. Although it is possible that the associated decline in\u0026nbsp;balance and cognitive abilities\u0026nbsp;is due to parallel age-related decline in both\u0026nbsp;domains, evidence that combined cognitive and motor interventions provide\u0026nbsp;synergistic benefits to balance ability suggests the existence of a therapeutic\u0026nbsp;target at the intersection of balance and cognitive\u0026nbsp;dysfunction. Measuring\u0026nbsp;brain activity during reactive balance recovery may yield insight into the\u0026nbsp;relationship between balance\u0026nbsp;and cognitive function, facilitating the\u0026nbsp;development of better treatment strategies.\u0026nbsp;Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings\u0026nbsp;show that sudden perturbations\u0026nbsp;to standing balance reliably evoke a cortical N1 response localized to the\u0026nbsp;supplementary motor\u0026nbsp;area.\u0026nbsp;Although the function of this cortical\u0026nbsp;response is unknown, its amplitude is associated with sensory activity related\u0026nbsp;to the\u0026nbsp;balance disturbance and it is also influenced by cognitive processes,\u0026nbsp;including attention, perceived threat, and predictability.\u0026nbsp;As\u0026nbsp;such, this cortical response may reflect a site of interaction\u0026nbsp;between balance and cognitive function, which we want to\u0026nbsp;understand in the\u0026nbsp;context of balance impairment. While relatively little is known about the\u0026nbsp;cortical N1 response, it resembles a\u0026nbsp;widely studied cognitive marker called the\u0026nbsp;error-related negativity (ERN), which\u0026nbsp;reflects recognition of a self-committed error,\u0026nbsp;and relates to\u0026nbsp;action correction.\u0026nbsp;Motivated by the similarities between\u0026nbsp;these two responses, and by the fact that ERN\u0026nbsp;amplitudes are smaller in people\u0026nbsp;with PD, this project investigates the cortical N1 response in PD in relation\u0026nbsp;to balance and\u0026nbsp;cognitive abilities, and also in relation to the ERN.\u0026nbsp;First, I show in healthy young adults (HYA)\u0026nbsp;that cortical N1 responses are\u0026nbsp;weakly influenced by perturbation acceleration,\u0026nbsp;but that much greater variation in cortical N1 amplitudes between subjects is\u0026nbsp;associated with balance ability. Then I show that perturbation-evoked cortical\u0026nbsp;responses in older adults with and without PD\u0026nbsp;contain two distinct component\u0026nbsp;peaks, with the first component peak associated with cognitive but not balance ability,\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;second component peak associated with balance but not cognitive ability.\u0026nbsp;This double dissociation suggests that perturbation-evoked\u0026nbsp;cortical responses may contain distinct biomarkers for balance and cognitive\u0026nbsp;function in older adults with and without\u0026nbsp;PD, which may facilitate future\u0026nbsp;studies into the relationship between balance and cognitive impairments for the\u0026nbsp;development of\u0026nbsp;better rehabilitation strategies. Finally, I compare amplitudes\u0026nbsp;of perturbation-evoked cortical responses to ERN amplitudes\u0026nbsp;within HYA and\u0026nbsp;within older adults with and without PD, showing that the relationship between\u0026nbsp;these responses differs across\u0026nbsp;the populations, suggesting that the mechanisms\u0026nbsp;underlying these responses may differ.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":"","field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Perturbation-evoked cortical responses are associated with balance ability in healthy young adults and in older adults with Parkinson\u2019s disease"}],"uid":"27707","created_gmt":"2019-03-11 17:46:46","changed_gmt":"2019-03-11 17:46:46","author":"Tatianna Richardson","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","field_event_time":{"event_time_start":"2019-03-25T15:00:00-04:00","event_time_end":"2019-03-25T16:00:00-04:00","event_time_end_last":"2019-03-25T16:00:00-04:00","gmt_time_start":"2019-03-25 19:00:00","gmt_time_end":"2019-03-25 20:00:00","gmt_time_end_last":"2019-03-25 20:00:00","rrule":null,"timezone":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"groups":[{"id":"221981","name":"Graduate Studies"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[{"id":"100811","name":"Phd Defense"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[{"id":"1788","name":"Other\/Miscellaneous"}],"invited_audience":[{"id":"78761","name":"Faculty\/Staff"},{"id":"78771","name":"Public"},{"id":"174045","name":"Graduate students"},{"id":"78751","name":"Undergraduate students"}],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[],"email":[],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}}}