{"618597":{"#nid":"618597","#data":{"type":"event","title":"SOE Speaker Series: Mark Hoekstra","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u0026quot;The Effect of Police Officer Race on Use of Force\u0026quot; (with CarlyWill Sloan, also of Texas A\u0026amp;M)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbstract:\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile there is much concern about the effect of race on policing, identifying causal effects is difficult due to endogenous police-civilian interactions.\u0026nbsp; Much of the existing literature has either modeled how officers initiate interactions or imposed assumptions of selection-on-observables.\u0026nbsp; This paper identifies effects by exploiting as-good-as-random variation in the race of police officers dispatched to over 1.2 million 911 calls.\u0026nbsp; We do so using administrative data from a large city in which protocol dictates and operators confirm that neither they nor police officers can exercise discretion in the assignment of officers to calls.\u0026nbsp; This protocol dictates operators must first dispatch the beat officer if that unit\u0026#39;s computer signals it is available, or otherwise dispatch the next-closest available officer as observed on the live-location computer map.\u0026nbsp; We show empirical evidence that conditional on police beat by time fixed effects, the race of the dispatched officer is uncorrelated with call characteristics and predicted use of force.\u0026nbsp; Results indicate black officers use force 40 percent less often than white officers, and use gun force 65 percent less often.\u0026nbsp; In addition, black officers use force less often even in all-white neighborhoods.\u0026nbsp; Moreover, while white officers use force at higher rates as they respond to calls in more black neighborhoods, the opposite is true for black officers.\u0026nbsp; As a result, we estimate dispatching a same-race officer results in a 44 to 62 percent reduction in use of force.\u0026nbsp; We find similar effects for gun force, driven by the white officers\u0026#39; much higher use of their guns when dispatched to predominantly black neighborhoods.\u0026nbsp; These results indicate that at least in our setting, officer race is an important determinant of use of force, including force in which an officer fires his gun.\u0026nbsp; This has important implications for citizen perceptions of policing and for the outcomes of high-stakes interactions between police and civilians.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EMark Hoekstra, Texas A\u0026amp;M \u0026nbsp;\u0026quot;The Effect of Police Officer Race on Use of Force\u0026quot; (with CarlyWill Sloan, also of Texas A\u0026amp;M)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Mark Hoekstra, Texas A\u0026M \u0022The Effect of Police Officer Race on Use of Force\u0022 (with CarlyWill Sloan, also of Texas A\u0026M)"}],"uid":"34791","created_gmt":"2019-02-28 17:38:03","changed_gmt":"2019-04-04 14:09:26","author":"rmeyden3","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","field_event_time":{"event_time_start":"2019-04-12T15:00:00-04:00","event_time_end":"2019-04-12T16:30:00-04:00","event_time_end_last":"2019-04-12T16:30:00-04:00","gmt_time_start":"2019-04-12 19:00:00","gmt_time_end":"2019-04-12 20:30:00","gmt_time_end_last":"2019-04-12 20:30:00","rrule":null,"timezone":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"groups":[{"id":"1282","name":"School of Economics"},{"id":"1281","name":"Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[{"id":"1795","name":"Seminar\/Lecture\/Colloquium"}],"invited_audience":[{"id":"78761","name":"Faculty\/Staff"},{"id":"177814","name":"Postdoc"},{"id":"78771","name":"Public"},{"id":"174045","name":"Graduate students"}],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ERachel van der Meyden\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMarketing and Event Coordinator\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESchool of Economics\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Erachel.vandermeyden@econ.gatech.edu\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E404-894-4919\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","format":"limited_html"}],"email":[],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}}}